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Effective Communication in Alternative Food Networks: A Scoping Review and Implications for Scottish Food Systems
This publication documents the results of a scoping literature review of European academic literature published 2015-2025 to show what is known about Effective Communication in Alternative Food Networks. While the authors (Inyang, Hashem & Prager) discuss the implications for Scottish Food Systems, VISIONARY partners at Exeter University provide a commentary based on their experience with short food supply chains and alternative food networks in England. They worked closely with a local food distribution hub, Tamar Grow Local (TGL) which is run by a group of staff (equivalent to 4 full time employees) and 10 core volunteers.
TGL is fully aware that effective communication is central in fostering consumer trust, loyalty and sustained participation in AFNs. They use storytelling, authenticity and regular updates through direct contact and social media and know that these methods are effective. Regular contact tends to occur mainly when food boxes are distributed to customers.
The two insights that resonated most with the TGL case are the particular resource constraints facing AFNs, and the underuse of messages around fair prices and educational content.
Resource constraints limit impact of communication strategies
- Resource constraints impact on TGLs ability to make full use of social media as a digital communication strategy. TGL producers and managers lack the time to a) get training in digital literacy, storytelling and social media, but also b) for consistent engagement. Time is the scarce resource.
- Resource constraints are also the limiting factor for involving consumers in the co-creation of narratives. TGL do not do this at the moment. While they see the value, coordinating consumers is resource intensive and this resource is currently not available.
- TGL is very keen to capitalise on incorporating basic evaluation tools to assess messaging effectiveness and inform future strategies. They realise that this is essential to help continuous learning and optimisation of communication strategies. So, they do not lack of attention to measurable outcomes as such, but again time constraints limit their capacity to evaluate the data.
Messaging needs to emphasise economic and fair content
- Messages about fair prices for producers and local economic development were not very prominent across the reviewed literature. Yet this is exactly what TGL customers care most about: supporting the economic viability of local farming families. Customers dislike what is perceived as an exploitative relationship between supermarkets and primary producers. Therefore, putting fair prices centre stage in AFN marketing messages is crucial.
- Knowing your customers is important for another reason: the average TGL customer is over 50 years old and their customer base relies on traditional communication channels such as email, news letters and phone. It is therefore vital to ensure accessibility of customer phone numbers and email addresses, and segmented mailing lists could be considered.
- Similar to AFNs in the reviewed literature, TGL communication does not feature educational messages strongly. They should emphasise this more, given the evidence that educational messaging around core values boosts long-term consumer retention and encourages consumer engagement, effectively creating a community of advocates.
